Sociological and Ethical Issues in the Digital Economy: Interrogating Identity, Nature, and Nurture

Abstract

The exponential rise of the digital economy has reshaped not only global commerce and communication but also the cultural and ethical landscapes of human societies. With the proliferation of digital platforms, identity formation and expression—particularly within LGBTQ+ communities—has transcended traditional boundaries, introducing new possibilities for visibility, acceptance, and advocacy. However, these transformations have also sparked contentious debates, especially within conservative and religious contexts where traditional norms of nature, gender, and morality remain deeply ingrained. This paper critically examines the sociological and ethical challenges posed by digital engagements with non-normative identities, particularly through the lens of queer theory and African communitarian ethics. Employing a descriptive and evaluative methodology, the research draws upon scholarly literature, digital sociology, and case studies from global and African perspectives. It interrogates the role of digital media in constructing identities, shaping values, and influencing vulnerable populations—especially children and adolescents. Findings reveal that while digital spaces provide liberating arenas for historically marginalised voices, they also pose ethical risks involving content exposure, moral relativism, and psychological vulnerability. The study highlights the necessity for a culturally-sensitive yet rights-based digital ethics framework. It concludes with pragmatic recommendations for content moderation, digital literacy education, and interdisciplinary engagement across academia, policy, and parenting.